Tropical Lows in Southern Africa

• Cloud Structure In Satellite Images
• Meteorological Physical Background
• Key Parameters
• Typical Appearance In Vertical Cross Sections
• Weather Events
• References

References

• J. G. Acker and G. Leptoukh, "Online Analysis Enhances Use of NASA Earth Science Data", Eos, Trans. AGU, Vol. 88, No. 2 (9 January 2007), pages 14 and 17.
• Collier AB and Hughes ARW (2011). Lightning and the African ITCZ. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, Volume 73, p. 2392-2398.
• DYSON LL and VAN HEERDEN J (2001). The heavy rainfall and floods over the northeastern interior of South Africa during February 2000. South African Journal of Science, 97, 80-86p.
• Emanuel, K. A., 1986: An air-sea interaction theory for tropical cyclones. Part I: Steady-state maintenance. J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 585-605.
• HOLTON JR (1992) An Introduction to Dynamic Meteorology. Academic Press. San Diago. 511 pp.
• HUSCHKE RE (1959) Glossary of Meteorology. Am. Meteorol. Soc. Boston. 638 pp.
• Jackson, Brian, Sharon E. Nicholson, Douglas Klotter, 2009: Mesoscale Convective Systems over Western Equatorial Africa and Their Relationship to Large-Scale Circulation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 137, 1272-1294.
• KAROLY DJ and VINCENT DG (1998) Meteorology of the Southern Hemisphere. 27 (49). Am. Met. Soc. Boston. 410 pp
• Reason, C. J. C., W. Landman, W. Tennant, 2006: Seasonal to Decadal Prediction of Southern African Climate and Its Links with Variability of the Atlantic Ocean. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 87, 941-955.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-87-7-941
• RIEHL H (1979) Climate and Weather in the Tropics. Academic Press. 611 pp.
• TALJAARD JJ (1985) Cut-off lows in the South African region. S. Afr. Wea. Serv. Tech. Pap. 14, 153 pp. S. Afr. Weath. Serv., Private Bag X097, Pretoria, 0001
• TALJAARD JJ (1994) Atmospheric Circulation Systems, Synoptic Climatology and Weather Phenomena of South Africa. Part 1: Controls of the weather and climate of South Africa. S. Afr. Weath. Serv. Tech. Pap. 27, 45pp. S. Afr. Weath. Serv., Private Bag X097, Pretoria, 0001
• TRIEGAARDT DO, VAN HEERDEN J and STEYN PCL (1991) Anomalous precipitation and floods during February 1988. S. Afr.Weath. Serv. Tech. Paper 23, 25 pp. S. Afr. Weath. Serv., Private Bag X097, Pretoria 0001.